Efeito agudo da drenagem linfática manual sobre a natriurese e lipólise de mulheres jovens / Acute effect of manual lymphatic drainage on natriuresis and lipolysis in young women

Fundamentos: A importância da validação científica de técnicas coadjuvantes a diversos tratamentos de saúde é inquestionável. Desta forma, a influência da drenagem linfática manual (DLM) na natriurese e na lipólise sob interação de anticoncepcional oral precisa ser investigada. Objetivos: Avaliar o efeito agudo da DLM sobre a natriurese e lipólise de mulheres jovens usuárias ou não de anticoncepcional oral. Método: Participaram 29 mulheres não usuárias de anticoncepcional oral e 29 usuárias, autodeclaradas saudáveis, sedentárias e eutróficas. As análises foram realizadas em dois dias distintos, Controle (C), sem intervenção terapêutica e DLM. Nos dias C e DLM coletamos 4 amostras de urina com intervalos de 60 min. Seguimos o método de Leduc, abdomem e membros inferiores, durante 45 min. Analisamos o fluxo urinário e excreção urinária e sódio, glicerol e peptideo natriurético atrial. A normalidade dos dados foi analisada pelo teste Shapiro-Wilk. Os dados que não obedeceram à normalidade foram apresentados em mediana e intervalo interquartil (25%-75%), enquanto os que obedeceram foram apresentados em média ± erro padrão. O teste de Mann-Whitney foi usado para dados não pareados e Wilcoxon para dados pareados. Dados com normalidade foram avaliados pelo teste t-Student não pareado. O nível de significância estatística adotado foi de 5%. Resultados: O efeito agudo de uma sessão de DLM promove aumento da natriurese em mulheres não usuárias de anticoncepcional oral, por outro lado, em usuárias induz aumento na liberação de glicerol e de ANP

Background: The importance of scientific validation of supporting techniques to various treatments is unquestionable. In this context, the influence of manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) on natriuresis and lipolysis and its interaction with oral contraceptives still need to be investigated. Objectives: To evaluate the acute effect of MLD on natriuresis and lipolysis in young women using or not oral contraceptives. Methods: Twenty-nine non-users of oral contraceptives and 29 oral contraceptive users, self-reported healthy, sedentary, normal weight women were enrolled. Analyses were conducted on two different days ­ control (C), without therapeutic intervention and MLD day. Four urine samples were collected at 60-minute intervals. MLD was performed in lower limbs and abdomen for 45 min following the Leduc method. Urinary flow rat e and urinary sodium, glycerol and atrial natriuretic peptide excretion were analyzed. Data normality was tested by the Shapiro-Wilk test. Data without normal distribution were expressed as median and interquartile range (25%-75%), while normally distributed data were expressed as mean ± standard error. Mann-Whitney test was used for unpaired data and Wilcoxon test for paired data. Data with normal distribution were evaluated by the unpaired t-Student test. Statistical significance was set at 5%. Results: One MLD session had an acute effect on both groups, increasing natriuresis in non-users of oral contraceptives and glycerol and atrial natriuretic peptide excretion in oral contraceptive users. Conclusion: Oral contraceptives influence the effect of MLD on natriuresis

Ultrasound associated with caffeine increases basal and beta-adrenoceptor response in adipocytes isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue in pigs.

BACKGROUND: The topical use of caffeine has been indicated for the lipodystrophies treatment as it promotes increased lipolysis. Ultrasound (US) is often used in cutaneous diseases, esthetic conditions, and as a skin permeation enhancer. OBJECTIVE: We investigate the lipolytic response of adipocytes isolated from subcutaneous adipose pigs tissue subjected to treatment with topical application of phonophoresis associated with caffeine. METHOD: We treated dorsal regions of pigs (Landrace × Large White, 35 days, 15 kg, n = 6) daily for 15 days with gel, gel + US [3 MHz, continuous, 0.2 Wcm(2), 1 min/cm(2), in total 2 min], gel + caffeine (5%w/w), and gel + caffeine + US. We used a fifth untreated region as control. Twenty-four hours after the last application, we isolated the adipocytes of each treated area and quantified the basal and stimulated lipolytic responses to isoprenaline. The results, in µmol glycerol/10(6)cells/60 min, were analyzed with analysis of variance or ANOVA followed by Newman-Keuls test. The value of p < 0.05 was indicative of statistical difference. RESULTS: Only the adipocytes isolated from the area treated with caffeine + US showed increased basal lipolysis (0.76 ± 0.26; p = 0.0276) and maximal isoprenaline stimulation (0.38 ± 0.15, p = 0.0029) compared with the other areas. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that increased lipolysis of caffeine + US is due to an increase in basal and beta-adrenoceptor response by caffeine, and caffeine's effect is local, avoiding unwanted effects.

The effect of topical caffeine on the morphology of swine hypodermis as measured by ultrasound.

BACKGROUND: Cellulite or lipodystrophy involves the modification of the subcutaneous adipose tissue. A wide variety of topical products is available to combat cellulite, but these have difficulties in being absorbed through the skin. One option is the therapeutic use of the ultrasound to enhance the trans-dermic transport of these drugs. AIM: The objective of this study was the analysis of the effect of caffeine on the morphology of the swine hypodermis, both when applied topically and in combination with ultrasound treatment. METHODS: The following treatments were applied to the dorsal areas of five pigs (Landrace x Large White, 35 days old, weighing 15 kg each): gel, gel + ultrasound, gel + caffeine (5%, w/w), and gel + caffeine + ultrasound, daily for 15 days. A fifth area received no topical application and was used as a control. Continuous ultrasound of 3 MHz with an intensity of 0.2 W/cm(2) was applied at a rate of 1 min/cm(2). After histological processing (hematoxylin and eosin), morphometric analyses were conducted to determine the thickness and numerical profile of the hypodermis. A one-way analysis variance using a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was conducted, with a Tukey test used to identify significant differences. A confidence level of P < or = 0.05 was adopted. RESULTS: Caffeine treatment was effective only when associated with ultrasound therapy; the combination resulted in a significant reduction in the thickness of the subcutaneous adipose tissue, as well as damage to the adipocytes, consequently decreasing the number of cells. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound treatment was effective in increasing the cutaneous permeation of caffeine, as evidenced by the reduction in thickness of the hypodermis and number of adipocytes.